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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dear Prof. Pai and list members,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>You wrote: " ... that being on the (World Heritage)
list ... is a highly competetive process requiring ... most importantly, its
historical "representativity" as a national symbol." </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Where could you find this statement ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Reading the: Criteria for inclusion of properties
in the World Heritage List on the <A
href="http://www.unesco.org/nwhc/pages/">whc.unesco.org/nwhc/pages/</A> I
just could find the OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE as most important criterion
for the nomination and selection process of the WHC.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I guess, the UNESCO-WHC cannot and does not
support representative national symbols, its general principle is "to
provide for the protection of those cultural and natural properties to be of
outstanding universal value". </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>If somebody (any private person, group or
government) is convinced of e.g. Kwanggaeto's stele being of "outstanding
universal value" and that this stele should be included in the World Heritage
List, then he has to support the Chinese government, because:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The nomination prodecure of the World Heritage
Convention starts with: "STATE PARTIES make a tentative list of cultural
and natural properties ON THEIR TERRITORY that they consider of OUTSTANDING
UNIVERSAL VALUE".</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thus only China (in the case of e.g.
Kwanggaeto's stele) as a State Party member of the World Heritage
Convention can apply for properties on Chinese territory being included on
the World Heitage List and then being responsible for the preservation (not
reconstruction!) of these properties according to articles of the
Convention.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>As you mentioned next to "Outstanding Universal
Value", the "authenticity" of the property is a very important
criterion, which excludes reconstructions, so the Chinese might
be clever enough not to reconstruct their properties, to avoid loosing the
authenticity of these properties.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>By the way, there was an article in the Sept. 2000
Newsletter of the Korea Foundation (Vol. 8, No. 5), where Ariane Perrin as a
member of an ICOMOS survey team to North Korean Heritage sites (in August
2000) and author of this article predicted difficulties for North Korean
properties to be included in the List because of some properties showing heavy
reconstruction (e.g. Tongmyong's tomb) and thus lack of authenticity.
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Finally, I guess, the Italians did not protest,
when Germany nominated the "Roman" Porta Nigra in the northwestern German
town of Trier to the List or the Lebanese people and government did not
protest, when the "Site of Cartagho" built by the Phoenicians in nowadays
Tunisia was nominated to the World Heritage Last. Probably
the Lebanese are even a little bit proud of it. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Werner Koidl</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=hyungpai@eastasian.ucsb.edu
href="mailto:hyungpai@eastasian.ucsb.edu">Hyung Pai</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws
href="mailto:Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws">Korean Studies Discussion List</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, April 01, 2004 7:10
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [KS] northeast asia
project-UNESCO heritage sites</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR></DIV>Dear Mr. Lee
and members,<BR>I also want to emphasize the importance of taking into account
the impact of cultural tourism and the PRC's economic motivation for pushing
the registration of these Koguryo tombs on the prestigious list of World
Heritage Sites. In the last report (2001) that I have from the UNESCO World
Heritage Organization, there are more than 500 historical sites/natural
monuments worldwide and over 150 countries who are members. S. Korea joined in
1998 and now has six monuments registered including Sokkuram, Pulguksa,
Haeinsa woodblock prints, Suwon Hwasong fortress, Chongmyo, and most recently,
Hwasun dolmen sites in Cholla-do. I have kept up with the various symposiums
sponsored by bureaucrats, historians, and archaeologists who spent many years
of intense lobbying to list these dolmen sites as a unique 'Korean"
prehistoric heritage from the Bronze Age citing the usual nationalistic
propaganda about their significance as the first remains as evidence of social
stratification, state formation, and ancestral architectural
achievements.<BR>So, for your forum, I recommend that you contact the Seoul
Unesco Office and esp, the assistant director Ho-Kwon who will be able to
direct you to the kinds of publications, activities, monitoring of sites, and
administrative funding the World heritage sites commission offers. My
impression reading through the minutes of international symposiums they hold
every five years as well as talking to ICOM (International Council on Museums)
and ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments) members in South Korea that
being on the list is a highly competitive process requiring documentation to
prove historical authenticity, that the materials/technology used at the sites
are still original, the preservation state of the monument is worthy of
salvaging and most importantly, its historical "representativity" as a
national symbol. <BR>These are the prime reasons why, the PRC is so intent in
assert ing their authority so as to claim them as 'their national sites" since
they want to have a monopoly over the tombs preservation, reconstruction
(which goes on today at a breakneck speed) and future development for tourism
and commercial revenue. Mark Byington has also pointed out to me the irony of
this situation since South Korean tourists and no doubt Japanese tourists (Who
together have the most dispensable income to throw around) will comprise the
majority of potential visitors who will spend the money and effort to go to
these sites situated outside the main tourists venues in Beijing and Shanghai.
It is unfortunate and in my opinion a glaring omission on the part of the
various organizers that most of the international symposiums and hundreds of
articles in Korean/Japanese newspapers published in the last six months
demonstrate again how the "ethno-centric" bias on the part of Korean academics
have influenced their debates over the sites "ethnic/artistic origins" rather
than the more immediate concerns over condemning the destruction of these
sites in the rushed excavations and reconstruction projects without adequate
research planning or published excavation reports. <BR>I hope in your forum
being held in Berkeley will have a more open debates on the larger global
issues facing cultural sites and monuments rather than rehashing the same
nationalistic tropes which leads nowhere since this debate first surfaced
amongst N. Korean scholars and Chinese officials decades ago. <BR><BR><BR>On
Mar 31, 2004, at 9:38 PM, ken.kaliher@us.army.mil wrote:<BR><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT><BR><?x-tad-smaller> Anthony Faiola’s thorough
January 22 report in the Washington Post ("Kicking Up the Dust of History")
suggested one possible reason for China’s Koguryo claims which seems very
far from “silly.” Faiola wrote:<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><?x-tad-smaller> “...More is at
stake than bragging rights to the extraordinary bronze and clay Buddhas and
frescoed murals of a long-dead civilization. Koguryo encompassed a
vast area from central Manchuria to south of Seoul. Korean academics
and politicians accuse China of attempting to lay claim to the kingdom out
of fear that its 870-mile-long border with North Korea will rupture with a
flood of refugees if the government in Pyongyang collapses. <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><?x-tad-smaller> “The
Chinese may be laying the groundwork to dispute the current border with
North Korea and, if they find it to be in their interest, claim more
territory, scholars say. They also argue that China is trying to head
off any attempt by pockets of Korean speakers on the Chinese side of the
border from eventually becoming part of a unified
Korea.”<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><TT><?fontfamily><?param Courier New><?x-tad-smaller> <?/x-tad-smaller><?/fontfamily></TT><BR><BR><?smaller><?x-tad-smaller>Ken
Kaliher<?/x-tad-smaller><?/smaller></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BR><?smaller><?x-tad-smaller>Seoul<?/x-tad-smaller><?/smaller></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR><?x-tad-smaller>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>Address: PSC 303, Box 40,
APO AP 96204-0040<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>Phone:
-82-11-9652-3192 (011- in Korea)
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>Back-up E-mail (NO attachments):
kenkaliher@hotmail.com<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>- - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>If
Martha Stewart had just lied about weapons of mass destruction, she’d be a
free woman today. <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>-- Jay Leno<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><BR><BR><B><?x-tad-smaller>----- Original
Message -----<?/x-tad-smaller></B><?x-tad-smaller>
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><B><?x-tad-smaller>From<?/x-tad-smaller></B><?x-tad-smaller>:
Jim Palais <palais@u.washington.edu><?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><?x-tad-smaller><?/x-tad-smaller><B><?x-tad-smaller>Date<?/x-tad-smaller></B><?x-tad-smaller>:
Wednesday, March 31, 2004 6:29 pm<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><?x-tad-smaller><?/x-tad-smaller><B><?x-tad-smaller>Subject<?/x-tad-smaller></B><?x-tad-smaller>:
Re: [KS] northeast asia project<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
Peter Lee: <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> It seems like the
Chinese government is being overly <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
nationalistic. I <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> can't think of
any other reason for making a silly claim for Chinese<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> jurisdiction of Koguryo.<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> Jim Palais <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> ----- Original Message ----- <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> From: "Sangkee Peter Lee"
<sangkee@uclink.berkeley.edu><?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
To:
<Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws><?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
Sent: Monday, March 29, 2004 3:43 PM
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> Subject: [KS] northeast asia
project<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > To whom it may concern: <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > My name is Peter Lee and I'm
a 2nd year political science <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
student at UC <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> Berkeley. I'm part
of a<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > student organization
called Committee for Korea Studies. 5-6 <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> students have
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> been meeting about <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > everyday for 2 weeks to learn
more about the Northeast Asia <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
Project- the <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> history of goguryo
and <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > the reason why Chinese
govt is pursuing this. We decided
the<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> best way to
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > inform the students here at
Berkeley is to hold a forum where 3-4
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> professors or experts can <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > lecture and answer questions.
Do you have any recommendations? Those
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> living in the US will be most <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > ideal, but if they live in
Korea it will be okay also. Thank<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>>
you. I'll <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> look forward to hearing <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > from <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > you soon.
<?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > Peter <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> > <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> <?/x-tad-smaller><BR><?x-tad-smaller>> <BR><?/x-tad-smaller></BLOCKQUOTE><?smaller>Hyung Il Pai<BR>Associate
Professor<BR>East Asian Languages and Cultural Studies,<BR>HSSB Building,
University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93106<BR>Fax: 805) 893-3011, Phone:
805) 893-2245<BR>Email: Hyungpai@eastasian.ucsb.edu<BR>Dept. Web-site
-http://www.eastasian.ucsb.edu/<?/smaller><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>