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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>Hello,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>Just to add a note to the comments below. I'm actually doing
dissertation research on the introduction of the streetcar system to Seoul
during this period and come across mention of the railroad quite frequently in
my readings. </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>Just a cursory look through my notes shows that so far the earliest
reference to the railroad (at least that I've come across so far) is in the
Cheguk sinmun (1898/12/29). It refers to the railroad in the
Korean vernacular phrase "Ky^ongbu kan ch'^olto r^ul Ilbon e h^orak
hago..." which I translate as the Seoul-Pusan line that was conceded to
Japan.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>This is also true for the Hwangsong sinmun (started in 1898). The
earliest reference I have found dates to 1899/1/13 where the railroad is
referred to in Chinese characters as "Ky^ong-In ch'^olto" using the character
for "capital". </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial size=2>I
have not come across any mention of "Hans^ong" to refer to the railroad and have
assumed that Koreans also commonly used the character "ky^ong" for Seoul.
What I don't know for sure is if this practice was influenced by the Japanese
nomenclature after the railroad concessions were given very early on to Japan
(Seoul-Pusan in 1896 and Seoul-Inchon in 1898 transferred from the
US).</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>Hope this helps. </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>Min Suh Son</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2>UCLA</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=284441906-25012006><FONT face=Arial
color=#800080 size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT><BR>
<DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader lang=en-us dir=ltr align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT face=Tahoma size=2><B>From:</B> Koreanstudies-bounces@koreaweb.ws
[mailto:Koreanstudies-bounces@koreaweb.ws] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Paul
Shepherd<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, January 24, 2006 7:50 PM<BR><B>To:</B>
Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [KS] By train from Seoul to
Incheon--what's in a name?<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<P>Dear Stefan,</P>
<P>The word Gyeongin comes from the planned connection of Gyeongseong station
(1900) and Incheon.</P>
<P>The original line work planned by J. R. Morse failed in 1897 due to lack
of capital, but a Japanese run company called (in Korean) Gyeongin Cheoldo Hoesa
(<FONT size=2>Kyo^ngin Ch'o^lto) </FONT>undertook to complete the project in
1899.</P>
<P>Interestingly, Kyeongsong station was so named in July, 1900, a name
which it had until 1905 (changed temporarily to Namdaemun Station). It would
indeed be interesting to look at the primary documents in relation to the
establishment of Gyeongsong station, and why that name was given.</P>
<P>Also, the station was renamed Namdaemun Station in 1905.</P>
<P>There is a bit of history about the Gyeonginseon line on <A
href="http://www.naver.com">www.naver.com</A> in the dictionary.</P>
<P>I included the relevant part in Korean below.</P>
<P>길이 31km. 1896년(고종 33) 3월 29일 <A
href="http://100.naver.com/100.php?id=66608"><FONT
color=#096ab5>미국인</FONT></A> J.R.모스가 한국 정부로부터 부설권을 얻어, 1897년
3월 29일 인천 우각현(<SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','우 : 소 우, ㉠소 ㉡별 이름')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>牛</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','각 : 뿔 각, ㉠뿔 ㉡모� 귀퉁이 ㉢구석 ㉣모퉁이 ㉤각도 ㉥총각 ㉦견주다 ㉧비교하다')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>角</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','현 : 재 현, ㉠재 ㉡고개 ㉢산이름')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>峴</SPAN>)에� 공사에 착수하였으나 자금부족으로
중단하였다. 그 후 일본인이 경영하는 경인철도회사(<SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','경 : �울 경, 언덕 원, ㉠�울 ㉡수의 단위(兆(조)의 만배) ㉢크다 ㉣높다 ㉤근심하다 ㉥가지런하다 ⓐ언덕(原) (원)')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>京</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','인 : 어질 인, ㉠어질다 ㉡인자하다 ㉢사랑하다 ㉣불쌍히
여기다 ㉤어진 이 ㉥자네 ㉦씨')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>仁</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','철 : 쇠 철, ㉠쇠 ㉡무기 ㉢굳고 변하지 않다')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>鐵</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','도 : 길 도, ㉠길 ㉡도리 ㉢재주 ㉣구역이름 ㉤말하다')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>道</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','회 : 모일 회, ㉠모이다 ㉡모으다 ㉢깨닫다 ㉣맞다 ㉤회계 ㉥기회')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>會</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','사 : 토지신 사, ㉠땅귀신 ㉡토지신 ㉢단체 ㉣사일 ㉤제사지내다')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>社</SPAN>)가 부설권을 인수하여 1899년 4월부터 다시
공사를 시작, 그 해 9월 18일 <A
href="http://100.naver.com/100.php?id=137494"><FONT
color=#096ab5>제물포</FONT></A>(<SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','제 : 건널 제, ㉠건너다 ㉡구제하다 ㉢이루다 ㉣많다 ㉤더하다 ㉥그치다 ㉦나루')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>�</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','물 : 만물 물, ㉠만물 ㉡물건 ㉢사물 ㉣일 ㉤재물 ㉥보다 ㉦헤아리다')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>物</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','포 : 개 포, ㉠개(�이나 내에 조수가 드나드는 곳) ㉡물가 ㉢바닷가')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>浦</SPAN>:인천)�<A
href="http://100.naver.com/100.php?id=38331"><FONT
color=#096ab5>노량진</FONT></A>(<SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','노 : 백로 노(로), ㉠백로 ㉡노우옛날에 춤을 추는 자가 가지고 지휘하던 백로의 깃으로 만든 물건)')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>鷺</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','량 : 들보 량(양), ㉠들보 ㉡나무다리 ㉢징검돌 ㉣발담 ㉤관골 ㉥양 ㉦양주 ㉧성(姓) ㉨양나라')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>梁</SPAN><SPAN
onmouseover="tooltip_on('','진 : 나루 진, ㉠나루 ㉡언덕 ㉢연줄 ㉣인연 ㉤진액 ㉥침 ㉦경로 ㉧넘치다 ㉨윤택하다')"
onmouseout=tooltip_off()>津</SPAN>) 사이의 33.2km를 개통하였다. 1900년 7월 5일
<A href="http://100.naver.com/100.php?id=185632"><FONT
color=#096ab5>한�철교</FONT></A>가 준공되자, 같은 해 7월 8일
노량진��울(당시의 �울역은 <A
href="http://100.naver.com/100.php?id=49034"><FONT
color=#096ab5>�대문</FONT></A>으로 현재의 <A
href="http://100.naver.com/100.php?id=720208"><FONT
color=#096ab5>이�여고</FONT></A> 자리) 사이가 개통되어 �울�인천이
완전 연결되었다. </P>
<P>This Naver article refers to a "Seoul Station" existing in 1900, but that is
a factually incorrect part of the article.</P>
<P>It is hard not to draw the inference that the name Gyeongin does not
have something to do with the Japanese managed construction project, and also
the plans for the original name of Seoul Station. I look forward to further
light being shed by other scholars on the details of that Japanese company
(Gyeongin Choldo) and also the naming of Gyeongseong Station in 1900.</P>
<P>Warm regards,</P>
<P>Paul Shepherd</P>
<P> </P>
<P> </P>
<P><BR> </P><BR><BR><BR>
<DIV>
<P>===============================================</P>
<P>Paul Shepherd</P>
<P>Ph.D Candidate</P>
<P>Graduate School of The College of Law, Seoul National University</P>
<P>Mobile: (ROK) 010-7217-7675</P>
<P>===============================================</P></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
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style="FONT-SIZE: 11px; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma,sans-serif">
<HR color=#a0c6e5 SIZE=1>
From: <I>"Stefan Ewing" <sa_ewing@hotmail.com></I><BR>Reply-To:
<I>Korean Studies Discussion List <Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws></I><BR>To:
<I>Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws</I><BR>Subject: <I>[KS] By train from Seoul to
Incheon--what's in a name?</I><BR>Date: <I>Tue, 24 Jan 2006 16:46:56
-0800</I><BR>>Dear KS list members:<BR>><BR>>All right, it's my turn
to ask a vexing question. The question and <BR>>its motivation are arcane
and necessarily long, so my apologies in <BR>>advance, and please feel free
to skip this posting entirely.<BR>><BR>>(For consistency's sake, I'm
using McCune-Reischauer for almost all <BR>>place names in this article,
both historical and modern. Some names <BR>>go by different renditions
today.)<BR>><BR>>Korea's first railway line was built during the era of
foreign <BR>>concessions, at the close of the 19th century. In 1899, a line
was <BR>>opened connecting Noryangjin (across the river from the city gates
<BR>>of Hanso^ng--modern-day Seoul) with Chemulp'o in Inch'o^n, the
<BR>>forerunner of today's Kyo^ngin Line. (The Noryangjin-Kuro stretch
<BR>>is now part of the Kyo^ngbu Line to Pusan, a 6-track artery served
<BR>>by everything from the high-speed KTX to lowly,
<BR>>packed-to-the-handrails local Line 1 subway
trains.)<BR>><BR>>Historical articles on the early development of Korean
railways <BR>>invariably refer to the original 1896 line as the
Kyo^nginso^n (so^n <BR>>= Line;
http://www.korail.go.kr/2003/100th/year/index1.html) or <BR>>Kyo^ngin
Ch'o^lto (Railway; <BR>>http://webzine.korail.go.kr/20050402/00250.html).
If the line was <BR>>in fact so named in 1896--which is not at all
clear--this would <BR>>indicate that the characters in the line's name were
chosen because <BR>>the line connects the capital (so^ul kyo^ng) with
Inch'o^n (o^jil <BR>>in). The Kyo^ngbu (to Pusan, opened 1905) and
Kyo^ngu^i Lines (to <BR>>Sinu^iju, 1906) appear to have been named on a
similar pattern.<BR>><BR>>The sticking point is that, up until 1910,
Seoul's name was <BR>>Hanso^ng, and thereafter changed by or under the
Japanese <BR>>authorities to Kyo^ngso^ng. Long-time Korean practice before
and <BR>>since has been to name many provinces, transportation routes, or
<BR>>events by joining together one character from each of the two place
<BR>>names involved: thus, Ch'ungch'o^ng-do (Ch'ungju-Ch'o^ngju); the
<BR>>Kyo^ngjo^n (Kyo^ngsang-Cho^lla) railway line; the Kuma (Taegu-Masan)
<BR>>Expressway; and relevant to the recent discussion, the Puma
<BR>>(Pusan-Masan) Uprising(s) (?--cannot find their mention now). Why,
<BR>>then, was the original railway called not, say, the Hanin
<BR>>(Hanso^ng-Inch'o^n) Ch'o^lto, but the somewhat contrived Kyo^ngin
<BR>>Ch'o^lto?<BR>><BR>>That Seoul was not officially named as such
until one year after <BR>>liberation in 1946 does not preclude the
possibility that the word <BR>>"so^ul" ("capital") was used colloquially to
refer to the city prior <BR>>to that time. When streetcars first came to
the capital in 1898, <BR>>the operating company--Hanso^ng Cho^ngi
Hoesa--was referred to in <BR>>English as the "Seoul Electric Co."
<BR>>(http://www.seoul.go.kr/life/life/culture/history_book/picture_seoul2/7/1203339_3020.html
<BR>>, 7th photo from top; note Han'gu^l rendition of company's name as
<BR>>"Hansyo^ng Tyo^ngu^i Hoesa"). Could the character "kyo^ng" have had
<BR>>some currency as a written noun, equivalent to the colloquial name
<BR>>"Seoul"?<BR>><BR>>It is also possible that the original railway
had a different name <BR>>and that the modern name--Kyo^ngin--has only been
applied to the <BR>>line retrospectively by later writers. Under this
scenario, the <BR>>Kyo^ngin Line and its pre-1910 younger sisters--the
Kyo^ngbu and <BR>>Kyo^ngu^i Lines to Pusan and Sinu^iju respectively--would
have been <BR>>so renamed some time after the Japanese annexation. In that
case, <BR>>the first character in each line's new name would presumably
have <BR>>come from the "kyo^ng" in "Kyo^ngso^ng" (the Japanese "Keijo"),
<BR>>Seoul's new name--the same character, but with a different story
<BR>>behind it.<BR>><BR>>To summarize, my question, then, is this:
Was the name "Kyo^ngin" <BR>>chosen (over, say, "Hanin"), because the
character kyo^ng denotes <BR>>"capital," the Korean
equivalent--Seoul/So^ul--being the colloquial <BR>>name for Hanso^ng? Are
there attestations in other <BR>>(non-rail-related) sources to the use of
"kyo^ng" (or "Seoul") to <BR>>refer to the capital during the Choso^n
Dynasty? Or is this a <BR>>commentary on non-scholarly historiography, with
modern writers <BR>>retrospectively applying an anachronistic name to the
railway, the <BR>>original name lost in the mists of time? Or between the
railway's <BR>>concession holder--James R. Morse--and the Koreans with whom
he <BR>>worked, was this highly idiosyncractic name the simple
result?<BR>><BR>>I hope someone, somewhere on this list can provide some
sort of <BR>>satisfactory answer. It would appear that whatever the answer,
<BR>>there's an interesting story waiting to emerge!<BR>><BR>>Thanks
in advance,<BR>>Stefan
Ewing<BR>><BR>>_________________________________________________________________<BR>>Designer
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