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<div>Lauren,</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Akhak kwebom has a picture, but it is nothing more than a flat
leaf, front and back (in Yi Hyegu's 1979 modern Korean version, vol.2,
p.147). The description talks about mandarin orange and citron tree
leaves, although I encountered mandarin orange leaves being used in
Chindo ... much as you describe, placed laterally between pursed lips,
with one leaf being folded back on itself to create a double reed,
leaving a section jutting out from the mouth that was bent slightly
upwards. Akhak kwebom also talks about using peach leaves, but the
drawing appears to be birch. Robert Provine, in his entry in the<i>
New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments</i>, talks about an
'obsolete tubular kazoo'; to a Brit like me, it is rather like the
comb and paper children use to create a similar sound, but without the
relatively strong frame (of the comb), and hence, as saliva affects
its constituency, it has a short life span.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>There is also plenty of information about what Laurence Picken in
a 1977 arricle in Chang Sahun's SNU festschrift calls 'stripped-bark
pipes', variously known as hodugi, hodulgi, holtaegi, hoettoegi,
hoettigi, hwottaeggi<i>.</i> Here, bark is detached from the wood
pulp/core by twisting and an integral 'reed' is fashioned. While I
once thought (on the basis of discussions with Korean musicologists)
that this instrument was no longer played, in 1992 I encountered an
old woman in a subway just by Pyongyang Station trying to sell blades
of a thick grass that she had made into a similar type of reed
pipe.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Although I have one picture of an old genleman playing the leaf
back in 1983, calling it the ch'aegum, I haven't encountered any
photographs in Korean books.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Keith</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>I'm curious about what the process looks
like. Any photos?</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite> </blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>As a child we were taught to pluck a
sturdy, bu pliable "weed" (looking more like a mini bamboo
leaf) and, holding it along the length and between two thumbs with
bent first joint, we were able to blow on it and make a sound.
Successful, it was "fuzzy" like a daegum with it's
membrane.<br>
<br>
Thanks.</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite> </blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>Lauren<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Keith Howard<br>
Sent: Mar 16, 2006 1:14 AM<br>
To: Korean Studies Discussion List<br>
Subject: Re: [KS] leaf<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>Kevin</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><br></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>There's plenty of tradition for the leaf.
I wrote about this in my<i> Korean Musical Instruments: A Practical
Guide</i> (1988) and also mentioned it in<i> Bands, Songs and
Shamanistic Rituals</i> (1989/1990).<i> Akhak kwebom</i> shows the
leaf and details how to make and play it as an instrument -- so that
takes us back to the 15th century. There are two commercial recordings
available featuring the leaf: taken from SPs produced between
1929-1950, '<i>Taegum. T'ungso/ P'ulp'iri ui myongin. Myongin
myongch'ang sonjip</i> 8 (Jigu, JCDS-0472, 1994), and contemporary
recordings, '<i>Myongin myongch'ang 4: podul p'iri myongin Pak
Sanil</i> (Jigu, JCDS-0613, 1997). The folk music scholar Lee Bo-hyung
also has a huge number of field recordings featuring the leaf, and I
recall, but cannot find a reference for, an album he put out with
his<i> Han'guk koumban yon'guhoe</i> journal that had some leaf
recordings.</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><br></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>Keith</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><br>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>This is going to sound a bit odd, but
i've recently seen some nice video of a Daegum player. He's a pretty
fine player and plays some sanjo type passages on the Deagum and
when he's done he plucks a leaf from a plant and plays Milyang Arirang
on the leaf. I can't say that i have ever seen such a thing. I know
that in some areas there are unusual instruments in some coastal
places and islands like in Cheju-do, etc. But, is there any tradition
of playing the leaf in Korea? Or is this just a goof?<br>
<br>
cheers,<br>
<br>
kevin<br>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><br></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><br></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><tt>--</tt></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><font size="-2" color="#000000">Dr Keith
Howard<br>
Reader in Music, SOAS,<br>
Director, AHRC Research Centre for Cross-Cultural Music and Dance<br>
Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1H 0XG<br>
Tel: 020 7898 4687; Mobile: 07815 812144; Fax: 020 7898
4519</font></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><font size="-2" color="#003300">Website:
http://mercury.soas.ac.uk/users/kh/</font></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><tt><br>
<br>
Lauren W. Deutsch<br>
835 S. Lucerne Blvd., #103</tt></blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><tt>Los Angeles CA 90005<br>
Phone: 323 930-2587<br>
e mail: lwdeutsch@earthlink.net</tt></blockquote>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<x-sigsep><pre>--
</pre></x-sigsep>
<div><font size="-2" color="#000000">Dr Keith Howard<br>
Reader in Music, SOAS,<br>
Director, AHRC Research Centre for Cross-Cultural Music and Dance<br>
Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1H 0XG<br>
Tel: 020 7898 4687; Mobile: 07815 812144; Fax: 020 7898
4519</font></div>
<div><font size="-2" color="#003300">Website:
http://mercury.soas.ac.uk/users/kh/</font></div>
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