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style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Dear
List members, </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><?xml:namespace
prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
/><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">I
am afraid that the thread of the ¡°Koguryo Inquiry¡± got already lost,
nevertheless, I felt obliged to come back to this thread to comment on a couple
of issues. I have read with great interest the article of Dr Petrov
published in ¡°<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Review of Korean Studies
Journal</I>" referenced in the below-email, and I should say some
information contained in the article are susceptible to provide some
misunderstanding on the UNESCO World Heritage Convention and its procedure of
inscription on its List. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">First
of all, through the article, one could believe that when the koguryo
cultural heritage was put on the list of WH from Chinese side, then it could be
considered as if <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">¡®Koguryo was named a
Chinese state¡¯.<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><BR>Inscription
of a cultural or natural property on the List of WH provides in no case a direct
link to its cultural identity or nationality. Borders between states
have been changing constantly throughout history, while built monuments or
archaeological sites have for millennia been standing and still stand where they
were built. For example, many Armenian cultural heritages are found in the
current Turkish territory. Recently the </SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Ohkhon</SPAN></st1:PlaceName><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
</SPAN><st1:PlaceType><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Valley</SPAN></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
in </SPAN><st1:country-region><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Mongolia</SPAN></st1:place></st1:country-region><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
has been put on the list of WH as a Turkic heritage. The Government of Mongolia,
when submitting the nomination dossier, clearly pointed out that this was a
cultural heritage site dated Turkic period. In this way, the cultural identity
of the </SPAN><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Orkhon</SPAN></st1:PlaceName><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
</SPAN><st1:PlaceType><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Valley</SPAN></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
was clarified. <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">On
the other hand, </SPAN><st1:country-region><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">China</SPAN></st1:place></st1:country-region><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">'
s case is different. Like many other aspects in
</SPAN><st1:country-region><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">China</SPAN></st1:place></st1:country-region><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">,
nomination dossier of heritages located in the CPR is prepared in accordance
with its national policy: One Greater China composed of number of multi-ethnic
tribes. This means that any cultural property submitted for the WHL, regardless
of its cultural identity, it is Chinese. Clarifying its cultural identity is not
the duty of the WH Committee as it is an intergovernmental committee, however,
when ICOMOS (which is an non-governmental organization) evaluating the value of
proposed properties, there are rooms to comment and I personally believe that
ICOMOS should be more vigilant in this issue¡¦ <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Secondly,
the above-article also describes the DPRK authorities completely incompetent in
the procedure of nomination of the Koguryo heritage, while Chinese would
get a glorious victory over it. It is true that the inscription of the Koguryo
tombs and mural paintings in the DPRK side, examined by the WH Committee in
2003, were postponed into 2004. In light of this, one should note that this was
partly due to the calendar of the examination of the nomination dossier of the
Chinese side of Koguryo heritage planned for 2004. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Although
the ICOMOS evaluation mission carried out to the complex of the Koguryo tombs in
DPRK came out with a couple of issues to be clarified in terms of conservation
and accessibilities to certain tombs, thanks to the additional report from the
DPRK providing additional information/clarification on the questions raised by
the ICOMOS evaluation mission, the presentation of the candidature (DPRK
Koguryo) to the 2003 WH Committee by ICOMOS was very positive. It was,
nevertheless, recommended and thus decided to differ the examination of the
nomination dossier of the Koguryo Tombs of the DPRK to 2004 in order to have a
harmonized examination of the properties along with the Koguryo heritage from
</SPAN><st1:country-region><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">China</SPAN></st1:place></st1:country-region><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
to be examined by the WH Committee in 2004. In this way, the Committee could
examine the Koguryo heritage lying scattered in both side of the Amnok river (we
often use this expression) together, taking into account the fact that two
separately submitted nomination dossiers concerned the heritage from same
civilization, more or less same period and most importantly very much complement
each other. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Indeed,
from UNESCO side, from the very beginning we wanted to have both sides of the
Koguryo heritage on the list of WH same time in order to avoid any political
implication it could have given. Unfortunately, the Chinese government decided
to come to join in this nomination quite lately, which made the calendar of the
examination of the Chinese side of Koguryo heritage for 2004.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Just
for further information, UNESCO has been making efforts to convince the DPRK
authorities on the need of ratifying the UNESCO 1972 World Heritage Convention
since beginning of 90s. Certainly Professor Hirayama¡¯s efforts accelerated the
ratification of the DPRK of the WH Convention, but one should not ignore the 10
–year efforts made behind of this. In the same way, when received the intention
of the DPRK government to submit the Koguryo tombs for their inscription on the
WH List, UNESCO contacted immediately the relevant authorities in
</SPAN><st1:country-region><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">China</SPAN></st1:place></st1:country-region><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
so that they would in their turn submit the other side of the Koguryo heritage
on the WH list. However, as mentioned above, the Chinese acted positively after
some time, which made the time-lapse between the calendar of the examination of
two sides of Koguryo heritage. <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">All
these (5<SUP>th</SUP> paragraph) coincided with the fact that
</SPAN><st1:country-region><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">China</SPAN></st1:place></st1:country-region><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">
held the chairmanship of the WH Committee for two years, 2003 and 2004. By
tradition, the chairmanship within the WH Committee is lying with the state
party hosting a Committee meeting. In 2003 WH Committee meeting was supposed to
be hosted by China, unfortunately, due to SARS, the Committee meeting took place
in Paris, and China sent an exceptionally big delegation by keeping of course
the chairmanship (so it was the Chinese delegation that were exceptionally
numerous while 2 DPRK delegation members participating in the WH Committee was a
quite common practice, all the more the DPRK was not the committee member).
Finally in 2004, the Committee meeting took place in
</SPAN><st1:place><st1:City><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Suzhou</SPAN></st1:City><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">,
</SPAN><st1:country-region><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">China</SPAN></st1:country-region></st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">.
<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Therefore
I felt that it was too severe to call ¡®incompetent¡¯ or ¡®failure¡¯ the
above-mentioned <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">situation.
On the contrary, UNESCO appreciated very much the efforts made by the DPRK
government to come out with a very good nomination dossier, all the more it was
their first such exercise. The preparation of nomination dossier is a long and
complex procedure which often lasts more than two years. In spite of difficult
condition of preparation (no doubt), the nomination dossier finally submitted by
the DPRK met with the necessary criteria stipulated by the operational
guidelines of the WH Convention and well accepted by the Secretariat, as well as
by ICOMOS. <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Regarding
the authenticity, this is a very much argued issue, I must say. However, I also
would like to mention that the notion of authenticity has been evolved since 60s
(since the declaration of the Venice Charter) and it is now applied into much
broader context, in particular since the adoption of the Document on
Authenticity declared in Nara 1994 (so-called the Nara Document on
Authenticity). Since then, the notion on authenticity blindly applied until
recently according to the Venice Charter (1964) is no longer valid.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Authenticity
should comprises not only physical authenticity but also intangible value of
monuments or sites. The intangible value can be traditional knowledge, technique
or even tradition(practice). For such reason, the beautification of the
Tongmyong Tomb (Jinpari X) provided an intensive debates and deliberation
between experts involved in the evaluation and in the WH inscription procedure.
It is true that in Korea, there is a tradition of taking care of ancestors¡¯
tombs and beautification can be perceived even as duty even for ordinary
citizens¡¦<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>I do not know what is the
usual practice in South Korea or in China in care of a dynasty¡¯s founder¡¯s
tombs¡¦but it was from this point of view that the beautification of the King
Tongmyong¡¯ tomb was argued and finally accepted. Fortunately, the tumulus itself
was not included in the beautification range¡¦<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">Certainly
the <U>beautification</U> of Tongmyong¡¯ Tomb is at a different level than the
<U>reconstruction</U> of the Tanggun Tomb which is not included among the
complex of the 63 Koguryo tombs inscribed on the WH List. I am not arguing here
that the beautification of the Tongmyong Tomb was appropriate or not, but simply
say that this issue could be seen from different angles¡¦.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: ±¼¸²">At
last, regarding the information <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">¡°Even in
a case of military dispute, a place once registered as a World Heritage Site is
not permitted to be attacked under international law,</I>¡¯ in fact, this
concerns the UNESCO Hague Convention (adopted in 1954) concerning the protection
of cultural heritage in case of armed conflicts. The inscription of a cultural
or natural property in the list of the WH Convention does not provide automatic
application of the UNESCO Hague Convention, however, application of two
conventions can provide a better protection of cultural and natural properties
in the list of WH.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US
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<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT face=±¼¸² size=2><B>From:</B> koreanstudies-bounces@koreaweb.ws ÀÌ(°¡) ´ÙÀ½ »ç¶÷
´ë½Å º¸³¿ Leonid Petrov<BR><B>Sent:</B> 12/18/2006 (¿ù) 2:39 ¿ÀÀü<BR><B>To:</B> Korean
Studies Discussion List<BR><B>Cc:</B>
Naomi_Hellmann@brown.edu<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [KS] Koguryo
inquiry<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Dear
Naomi and All,</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Indeed, on 2 July 2004 the DPRK had the Koguryo murals
discovered around Pyongyang and Namp'o inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage
List. This move is expected to benefit the North Korea in many ways. A country
that receives little international attention except for engineered famine and
its crying abuse of human rights, its activities in nuclear weapons and missiles
development has got a chance to emphasize that Koguryo was part of the history
of Korean people. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">However, the DPRK was not only interested in preserving
its cultural heritage. By having Koguryo mural tombs internationally recognized,
North Korea also plans to establish its hegemony in the process of national
unification and even to secure itself from possible preventive strikes. Even in
a case of military dispute, a place once registered as a World Heritage Site is
not permitted to be attacked under international law... </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">More
on the political economy of the Koguryo issue (as it is seen in
contemporary Korea, China, and Japan) see<SPAN> < </SPAN><A
href="http://north-korea.boom.ru/koguryo.htm">http://north-korea.boom.ru/koguryo.htm</A> ></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">With
very best regards,</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Leonid A. Petrov PhD </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Chair of Korean Studies, </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">--
</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Sciences Po Asia Centre </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris, </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">*********************************** </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Visiting address: 2 Floor, 224, Blvd S.Germain, 75007
PARIS </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Postal address: 27, Rue S.Guillaume, F - 75337 PARIS,
Cedex 07, FRANCE </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Mob.+33 6 25615963 Tel: +33 1 45497768(office) Fax: +33 1
45497761</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><A
href="http://asia-centre.sciences-po.fr/academics/korean_chair.html">http://asia-centre.sciences-po.fr/academics/korean_chair.html</A></FONT>
</P></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"> </DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"> </DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><BR> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=gmail_quote>On 15/12/06, <B class=gmail_sendername>naomi</B>
<<A href="mailto:lowenmaulchen@hotmail.com">lowenmaulchen@hotmail.com</A>>
wrote:</SPAN>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=gmail_quote
style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">
<DIV lang=EN-US vlink="purple">
<DIV>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dear List
Members,</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">My dissertation is focused on the
political economy of Koguryo and includes the role of China and UNESCO. Any
insight on locating North Korean sources of information available in either
English or Chinese would be highly appreciated. </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Thank you,</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Naomi</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Naomi Hellmann</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Development
Studies</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Brown</SPAN></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
University</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2> <SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><A
href="mailto:Naomi_Hellmann@brown.edu"
target=_blank>Naomi_Hellmann@brown.edu</A> </SPAN></FONT></P>
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