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<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>Dear friends and colleagues,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>I append a recent article from the
<EM>Chosun Ilbo,</EM></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>at once fascinating and
frustrating.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>The themes are of great interest and
importance;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>yet the treatment is so cursory as to be all
but useless.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>(What, substantively, is a
'post-nationalist'?)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>Could anyone kindly point me to sources where
these</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>matters are discussed at greater length and
in more depth?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>
<DIV><FONT face="Bodoni MT" size=4>Autumn greetings to one and all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Aidan FC</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3>AIDAN FOSTER-CARTER</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3>Honorary Senior Research Fellow in Sociology &
Modern <st1:country-region w:st="on">Korea</st1:country-region>, <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Leeds</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB>Home address:</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-GB> <st1:Street
w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">17 Birklands Road</st1:address></st1:Street>,
Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD18 3BY, UK </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">tel:</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">
+44(0)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>1274<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>588586<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">(alt)</I> +44(0) 1264 737634<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">mobile:</I><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>+44(0)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>7970<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>741307 <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
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style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">fax:</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">
+44(0)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>1274<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>773663<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">ISDN:</I><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>+44(0)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>1274
589280<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Email:</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"> <A
href="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com">afostercarter@aol.com</A><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">(alt)</I> <A
href="mailto:afostercarter@yahoo.com">afostercarter@yahoo.com</A><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">website:</I> <A
href="http://www.aidanfc.net/">www.aidanfc.net</A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">[Please use @aol; but if
any problems, please try @yahoo too – and let me know, so I can chide
AOL]<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></I></P></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>_________________________________</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 20pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">New Trends in Korean
Nationalism<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 6pt"><A
href="http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200709/200709030021.html"><FONT
face="Times New Roman" color=#800080
size=3>http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200709/200709030021.html</FONT></A></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 6pt"><o:p><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Updated Sep.3,2007 11:06 KST<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>South Koreans' attitude toward the <st1:country-region
w:st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region>, as seen in the latest hostage crisis in
<st1:country-region w:st="on">Afghanistan</st1:country-region>, was markedly
different from the anti-American sentiment vented during the kidnapping and
beheading of Kim Sun-il in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Iraq</st1:place></st1:country-region> in June 2004. Despite some minor
protests, the ratification of the Korea-U.S. free trade agreement is proceeding
apace, with anti-American, pro-North Korean voices much quieter than they have
been. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>Several academics say the 20-year-long marriage between the Left and
nationalists born in the democratic struggle against authoritarian governments
in the 1970s and 1980s is coming to an end. That means farewell to the
defensive, registance nationalism produced by <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Korea</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s history
in the 20th century. Foreign experts, by contrast, worry that Korean nationalism
is becoming more aggressive. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>Prof. Kang Won-taek of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Soongsil</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> defines this trend as a
transition from Korean nationalism to South Korean or “Republic-of-Korea”
nationalism. But Kang says it would be missing the point if we regard it only as
a trend of nationalists turning to the Right. According to Kang, this new South
Korean nationalism owes something to the advent of a “post-386” generation who
are IT- savvy and aware of globalization, and to a change in South Koreans'
perception of <st1:country-region w:st="on">North Korea</st1:country-region> and
a more realistic understanding of the situation the <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Korean</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Peninsula</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> finds itself in. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>Prof. Kim Ho-ki, a center-left academic at <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Yonsei</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, says the spectrum is more
complex. The Right, he says, is divided into nationalists and post-nationalist
or pro-market forces, and so is the Left, while in between there are centrist
nationalists and post-nationalists. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>The conventional nationalists on the Right stress a patriotic view of
history. Rightwing post-nationalists, led by the novelist Bok Geo-il, are backed
by businesses that emphasize globalization. The conventional nationalists of the
Left are pro-North <st1:country-region w:st="on">Korea</st1:country-region>;
leading figures are Baek Nak-cheong, a professor emeritus of <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Seoul</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">National</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType>, and Kang Man-gil, a former <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Korea</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> professor. Over the past 20-odd
years, this group has exercised the most powerful influence on intellectuals,
their ideology a major influence on the Kim Dae-jung administration. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>Leftwing post-nationalists include Prof. Jin Jung-kwon of <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Chung-Ang</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType>, Prof. Sohn Ho-chul of <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Sogang</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType>, and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Russian-born</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">scholar</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Park</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> No-ja. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>"As far as large social currents are concerned, it's clear that both
intellectuals and the general public are now moving from leftwing nationalism to
rightwing post-nationalism,” Kim Ho-ki said. “But we’ll need more observation
and research to see what the new nationalism will look like." </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>Prof. Jun Sang-In of Seoul National University’s Graduate School of
Public Administration says leftwing nationalism is conspicuously losing its
influence among the populace, “decisively because people are disappointed by the
leftwing governments of the past decade." Shin Ji-ho, the president of the “new
Right” organization Liberty Union, said, "In my view, the Chun Doo-hwan regime
played a role in integrating the Left and nationalists into a formidable force.
And the Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun governments have played the central role
in producing a new force based on a combination of post-nationalism and the
Right." </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>So what will it mean if the leading ideology is moving from leftwing
nationalism to rightwing post-nationalism? Where will the 386 generation of
former student democracy activists, who became the main proponents of leftwing
nationalism in politics, turn now? And will the new South Korean nationalism --
the product of a combination of the Right and post-nationalists -- be a sort of
patriotic globalism, or will it remain mired in ultra-nationalism and a
chauvinism based on the ideas of “pure blood” the UN has recently criticized?
The struggle for the intellectual soul of <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">South Korea</st1:place></st1:country-region> is
on. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>(englishnews@chosun.com ) </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></P></DIV></FONT></DIV></DIV></FONT> </BODY></HTML>