<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;"><DIV>Dear Deberniere,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>The best starting point to find sound explanations/translations of Buddhist terms is the Digital Dictionary of Buddhism: <A href="http://buddhism-dict.net/ddb/">http://buddhism-dict.net/ddb/</A> </DIV>
<DIV>There you will find that <EM>hwajang</EM> or "Lotus treasury" is probably an abbreviation of <EM>Yonhwajang segye</EM> or "Lotus treasury world," "The world created through the vows and practices of Vairocana Buddha." </DIV>
<DIV>Ch'arhae means either "land and water" or "the flagpole of a monastery....symbolic of Buddhism." </DIV>
<DIV>What the "term" implies, however, depends on the context in which it is used; I'm not even sure whether it is a term, it might be just two consecutive words lifted from a sentence. From a quick search through the SAT daizokyo Buddhist text base, I would venture the expression is just an other way of indicating the "Lotus treasury world." However, I never read through the Hwaom (Avatamsaka) sutra, so my understanding of the rich Hwaom imagery may well be off!</DIV>
<DIV>Hope this helps,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Sem Vermeersch</DIV>
<DIV><BR>--- On <B>Tue, 2/2/10, DEBERNIERE JANET TORREY <I><djt188@psu.edu></I></B> wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid"><BR>From: DEBERNIERE JANET TORREY <djt188@psu.edu><BR>Subject: [KS] Question re. Buddhist term "Hwajangchalhae"<BR>To: koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws<BR>Date: Tuesday, 2 February, 2010, 20:31<BR><BR>
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<DIV>Dear Members,<BR><BR>Is there a standard English equivalent for the Hwajang Chal Hae (화장찰해 Chinese:
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<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕">華藏刹海</SPAN> hua zang cha hai) mentioned in the Flower Garden Sutra, other than "Lotus Temple Ocean"? I've seen the term in Korean and Chinese documents, but have yet to find a standard English version of it. <BR><BR>Many thanks,<BR><BR>Deberniere J. Torrey<BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></td></tr></table><br>