<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery>0</w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery>
<w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery>2</w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:SpaceForUL/>
<w:BalanceSingleByteDoubleByteWidth/>
<w:DoNotLeaveBackslashAlone/>
<w:ULTrailSpace/>
<w:DoNotExpandShiftReturn/>
<w:AdjustLineHeightInTable/>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:UseFELayout/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object
classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object>
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"표준 표";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<span lang="EN-US">Dear Professor Kornicki,</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">The </span><span style="font-family: "Times
New Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span lang="EN-US">book
circulation/transmission in </span><span lang="EN-US">Korea</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span
lang="EN-US"> issue will be a part of my dissertation. Currently I</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">’</span><span
lang="EN-US">m working on other chapters and will be able to
conduct in-depth
research on this </span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span lang="EN-US">transmission</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span
lang="EN-US"> topic hopefully in spring </span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">–</span><span
lang="EN-US"> next
semester, but I</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">’</span><span lang="EN-US">d like to
share my
preliminary research results and ideas. I</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">’</span><span
lang="EN-US">ll appreciate any comments and suggestions for my
future research.</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">For the topography for the </span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span
lang="EN-US">information flow</span><span style="font-family:
"Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span
lang="EN-US"> in terms of book transmission
in traditional Korea, there will be three major factors we can
consider: (1) Official/private
book purchase in Beijing. The major actors were </span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span
lang="EN-US">interpreters (Y</span><span style="font-family:
"Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŏ</span><span
lang="EN-US">kkwan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span>譯官<span lang="EN-US">)</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span
lang="EN-US">, (2) circulations through
the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span lang="EN-US">book brokers
(ch</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"
lang="EN-US">‘</span><span lang="EN-US">aek-k</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">‘</span><span
lang="EN-US">wae 冊</span><span style="font-family: 새굴림;">儈</span><span
lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> in Korea,
(3) hand copied manuscripts and private exchanges.</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">** The role of the </span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span
lang="EN-US">book brokers (ch</span><span style="font-family:
"Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">‘</span><span
lang="EN-US">aek-k</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">‘</span><span lang="EN-US">wae 冊</span><span
style="font-family: 새굴림;">儈</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span
lang="EN-US"> are really interesting.
They were sort of peddlers, who purchased books at half price here
and resold
them at full price there. Sometimes they served as interpreters as
well </span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">–</span><span lang="EN-US"> they bought
books in </span><span lang="EN-US">Beijing</span><span
lang="EN-US"> and resold them in </span><span lang="EN-US">Korea</span><span
lang="EN-US">. There
were some ruined peers </span><span style="font-family:
"Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">–</span><span
lang="EN-US"> yangbans literati among the
book brokers.</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">We can find many records about book brokers
from various sources, such as Kim Man-chung</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span>金
萬重<span lang="EN-US">, Yu H</span><span style="font-family:
"Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŭ</span><span
lang="EN-US">i-ch</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">‘</span><span lang="EN-US">un 柳希春, Ch</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŭ</span><span
lang="EN-US">ngbo-munh</span><span style="font-family: "Times
New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŏ</span><span lang="EN-US">nbigo
增補文獻備考, sillok 實錄, etc. For example, according to Y</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŏ</span><span
lang="EN-US">ngjosillok 英祖實錄, in the 18<sup>th</sup> C, there were
more than 100
book brokers in Korea. </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Cho Sinson 曹神仙 was a well known book
broker. Ch</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŏ</span><span lang="EN-US">ng Yak-yong</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span>丁
若鏞<span lang="EN-US"> left detailed notes about him </span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">–</span><span
lang="EN-US"> he was a</span><span style="font-family: "Times
New Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">well-informed</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US">man</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">with</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US">broad</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">vision, etc.</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">** As for the book </span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">“</span><span
lang="EN-US">markets</span><span style="font-family: "Times
New Roman";" lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> -- it
is said that the book
stores (s</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŏ</span><span lang="EN-US">sa 書肆) were
established in
around 1518, but it looks like that their roles and functions were
very
limited. They were mostly run/controlled by the government. Even
in the 18<sup>th</sup>
C, in his Puk</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">‘</span><span lang="EN-US">ag</span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŭ</span><span
lang="EN-US">i</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span>北學議<span lang="EN-US">, Pak
Che-ka 朴齊家
said that he</span><span style="font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US">’</span><span lang="EN-US">s observed
that in Qing book
business through book stores was really booming, and then recalled
that Choson
still had book brokers, which were less effective in information
circulation.</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Another interesting record drew my
attention was that H</span><span style="font-family: "Times
New Roman";" lang="EN-US">ŭ</span><span lang="EN-US">myong 欽英
by Yu Manju 兪晩周 in
the late 18<sup>th</sup> C. He requested that a book broker
purchase some particular
books in </span><span lang="EN-US">Beijing</span><span
lang="EN-US">. This proves that the book brokers were one of the
important information
sources. </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">As far as I know, there is no book dealing with
this topic in English. In </span><span lang="EN-US">Korea</span><span
lang="EN-US">,
some scholars have written about circulations of vernacular
short-stories,
mostly in late Choson. Also some paid attention to this issue in
the context of
late Choson cultural trend</span><span style="font-family:
"Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">…</span><span
lang="EN-US"> Perhaps we will be able to
get more information from Sillok, private collections, etc. </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Hope this was helpful. Please feel free to
let me know if there is anything I can help with. Thanks a lot :-)</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span> <br>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Best Wishes,</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Jamie Jungmin Yoo</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Ph.D. candidate in Korean literature</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Harvard</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US">University</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">------</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">From: Peter Kornicki <a
href="mailto:pk104@cam.ac.uk"><pk104@cam.ac.uk></a></span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Date: </span><span lang="EN-US">10 October 2010</span><span
lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">12:53:18 GMT</span><span
lang="EN-US">+</span><span lang="EN-US">01:00</span><span
lang="EN-US"></span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">To: <a href="mailto:koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws">koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws</a></span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Subject: Book circulation in the Choson
dynasty</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">The answers to the query about Koryo
celadon prompt me to piggy-back a question of my own onto the
original one. Is
there any evidence for any sort of 'market' for books, new or old,
in the
Choson dynasty? There is much information about the purchase of
books by
Koreans in </span><span lang="EN-US">China</span><span
lang="EN-US"> and </span><span lang="EN-US">Japan</span><span
lang="EN-US">, but what about the possibilities for book-purchase
within </span><span lang="EN-US">Korea</span><span lang="EN-US">
itself?</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Peter Kornicki</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">Robinson</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US">College</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span><span
lang="EN-US">Cambridge</span><span lang="EN-US">=</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US"> </span>
<br>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "Times New
Roman";" lang="EN-US"> </span>
</body>
</html>