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Dear all,<br>
<br>
I would like to know various ways the U.S., British, Canadian, and
other English-language sources during the 1897-1905 era spelled the
city name, P'yǒngyang. For some time, I have been working on a
project looking at how Imperial Korea (Taehan Cheguk, 1897-1910)
formally designated the city as the Empire's "Western Capital" (<i>Sǒgyǒng</i>)
in 1902 and began constructing a royal palace and other edifices
befitting a secondary capital. So far, my research has focused on
the project in the context of the Kwangmu emperor's modernizing
reform geared toward tapping into the talent and resources of a
broader social base, including specialist <i>chungin</i>,
Northwesterners, and Protestants. For sure, official rhetoric
stressed the illustrious history of P'yǒngyang as the epicenter of
early Korean civilization and the capital of Koguryǒ, Chinese
historical precedents of a dynasty having 2 capitals, and some
geomantic concepts providing official justifications. <br>
<br>
It is not difficult to detect that underneath such a rhetoric is a
strategic planning geared toward shifting Korea's center closer to
Russia. Not surprisingly, the Japanese ascendancy upon the
commencement of the Russo-Japanese War nipped the project in the
bud. Given all this, I am trying to find out if any American,
British, and other foreign countries took note of the Korean
government's intention as they perceived through the Western Capital
project. Thank you in advance for your help.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Gene <br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Eugene Y. Park
Korea Foundation Associate Professor of History
Director, James Joo-Jin Kim Program in Korean Studies
University of Pennsylvania</pre>
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