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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>The only polishers I meet or knew of in
the DPRK were foreign, and, as I said, they were phased out in 2001-02 on cost
grounds. According to the only one I ever talked to in any detail, they seemed
to be mainly used on the glossy magazines and <i><span style='font-style:italic'>Pyongyang
Times, </span></i> rather than other publications. They could not change any
words or phrases relating to Kim Il Sung or Kim Jong Il. They were expected to
complete their work by Tuesday but the <i><span style='font-style:italic'>Pyongyang
Times </span></i> did not go to press until Thursday, which allowed time
for the Korean staff to change things back to the way they wanted.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I never met any Korean-Americans or any
others with a Korean background who might have done this work. There are a lot
of North Koreans who have studied English abroad and who can write it in a satisfactory,
if not perfect, way. They include diplomats and their children; many of the
latter attend the Foreign Languages University on return to the DPRK andthen go
into work involving languages. We never received badly phrased texts from the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs even if the English was not exactly as I
might have written it.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I have had a couple of conversations with
DPRK officials sine 2001 who have lamented the misuses of words in DPRK English-language
publications but who also indicated the difficulty in getting other
organizations to change their ways.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>As for “cutesy” images, I
blame Walt Disney and “Hello Kitty”….<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Jim Hoare<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> koreanstudies-bounces@koreaweb.ws
[mailto:koreanstudies-bounces@koreaweb.ws] <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On
Behalf Of </span></b>don kirk<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> 21 May 2012 22:18<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Korean Studies Discussion List<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [KS] Foreign
copy-editors and polishers in Pyongyang - andSeoul?</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
<tr>
<td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Yes, really, since when are
"cutesy....kids" as "nauseating," almost, as the rat
images for Lee M.B.? For sure, they've got some "polishers" up
there who're up on idiomatic English, as indicated in the passage presented
by Scott. Would be interesting to know who they are, whether foreign or
Korean, possibly Korean-American.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Don Kirk<br>
<br>
--- On <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Mon, 5/21/12, Afostercarter@aol.com <i><span
style='font-style:italic'><Afostercarter@aol.com></span></i></span></b>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
From: Afostercarter@aol.com <Afostercarter@aol.com><br>
Subject: Re: [KS] Foreign copy-editors and polishers in Pyongyang - and
Seoul?<br>
To: koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws<br>
Date: Monday, May 21, 2012, 6:54 AM<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div id=yiv1202027554>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Dear friends
and colleagues,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Jim makes an
important point. Foreign linguistic advisers<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>may get
overridden - and by no means only in Pyongyang.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Our List surely
includes some who have similarly proof-read<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>and polished
in the other Korea, or are doing so right now.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>I'd be
interested to hear their views and experience.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>This issue is
almost as hardy a perennial as romanization.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>But time and
again one still runs across South Korean<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>websites,
including those of large companies and official <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>bodies, where
the English just ain't right; sometimes badly so.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Thus the ROK
transport ministry <a href="http://english.mltm.go.kr/" target="_blank">http://english.mltm.go.kr</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>proclaims on
its homepage: "Make Happiness, Happy Creator".<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Amen to that
- but what on earth are they on about?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Then again,
in one classic corporate case where Koreans <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>dreamed up an
'English' product name, the LG Viewty <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>has
sold very well. (Viewty is in the eye of the veholder?)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>- Another
thing. English apart, why are so many corporate<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>and
official South Korean websites festooned with cutesy birds
and butterflies, winsome kids, cartoon characters and the like? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Almost as
nauseating, at the opposite end of the scale, as <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>North Korea's
bloody rats. (Perhaps I am hard to please.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Kind regards<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Aidan FC<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><font
size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black;font-weight:bold'>Aidan Foster-Carter</span></font></b><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><i><font
size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black;font-style:italic'>Honorary Senior Research
Fellow in Sociology & Modern Korea, Leeds University, UK</span></font></i><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><i><font
size=1 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black;font-style:italic'> </span></font></i><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><em><i><font
size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black'>E</span></font></i></em><font color=black
face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Cambria;color:black'>: <a
href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=afostercarter@aol.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com"
ymailto="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com">afostercarter@aol.com</a>
<a href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=afostercarter@yahoo.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:afostercarter@yahoo.com"
ymailto="mailto:afostercarter@yahoo.com">afostercarter@yahoo.com</a>
<em><i><font face=Cambria><span style='font-family:Cambria'>W</span></font></i></em>:
<a href="http://www.aidanfc.net/" target="_blank"
title="http://www.aidanfc.net/">www.aidanfc.net</a> </span></font><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><i><font
size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black;font-style:italic'>W in Korea: </span></font></i><font
color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20090202080126/http:/aidanfc.net/index.html"
target="_blank"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>http://web.archive.org/web/20090202080126/http://aidanfc.net/index.html</span></font></a></span></font><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font
size=1 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black'> </span></font><font size=4
color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:
"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=yiv1202027554msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>_______________</span></font><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>In a message
dated 5/21/2012 08:02:22 GMT Daylight Time, jimhoare64@aol.co.uk writes:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>I agree that KCNA did
not seem to use polishers, The FLPH laid off the remaining foreign
staff while we were there in 2001-02 and thereafter seemed to relay on
Koreans - no doubt this explains the odd language. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>But even when they did
employ foreign staff, the Korean staff would often override what the native
speakers had suggested.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>On a slightly
different note, what use would one make of photographs of such people if one
had them? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Jim
Hoare<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>-----Original
Message-----<br>
From: Afostercarter <Afostercarter@aol.com><br>
To: koreanstudies <koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws><br>
CC: jsburgeson <jsburgeson@yahoo.com><br>
Sent: Sun, 20 May 2012 18:34<br>
Subject: Re: [KS] Foreign copy-editors and polishers in Pyongyang<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div id="yiv1202027554AOLMsgPart_1_12132d92-17d6-4462-8586-c3e7a5e146f4">
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Dear friends
and colleagues,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Scott raises
the question of native speakers of English (etc)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>as
copy-editors - also known as 'polishers' - in North Korea.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Having in the
past recruited at least two people for such roles<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>- Michael
Harrold, and the late Andrew Holloway <a
href="http://www.aidanfc.net/a_year_in_pyongyang.html" target="_blank"
title="http://www.aidanfc.net/a_year_in_pyongyang.html">http://www.aidanfc.net/a_year_in_pyongyang.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>- this is a
topic about which I'm curious, but not up-to-date.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Michael,
Andrew and others were hired by the DPRK<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Foreign
Languages Publishing House (FLPH). The texts<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>they worked
on were mostly books, as best I recall.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>By contrast,
I've never heard of KCNA using foreigners.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>My guess
would be that they don't, given some stilted<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>expressions
and the odd mistake.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>For example,
surely if a native English speaker were<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>involved they
would have recommended a different word<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>- be
it technical or colloquial - for "bottom hole" in the <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>third
sentence of the caption to the cartoon below.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>There are
other linguistic infelicities here as well,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>not least the
title. Either tear apart or tear to pieces,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>but not tear
apart to pieces.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>(On the
substance: In my article I likened doing the research<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>for this to
wading through sewage. You can see why.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>- But back to
polishers. FLPH still uses at least one, but he <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>lives in
Beijing. See an interesting interview with Paul White<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>at Tad
Farrell's ever more indispensable NKNews:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><a
href="http://www.nknews.org/2012/04/the-british-voice-of-kim-il-sung/"
target="_blank"
title="http://www.nknews.org/2012/04/the-british-voice-of-kim-il-sung/"><font
size=3><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>http://www.nknews.org/2012/04/the-british-voice-of-kim-il-sung/</span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Kind regards<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>Aidan FC<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;color:black;font-weight:bold'>Aidan
Foster-Carter</span></font></b><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><font size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;color:black;font-style:italic'>Honorary
Senior Research Fellow in Sociology & Modern Korea, Leeds University, UK</span></font></i><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><i><font size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;color:black'>E</span></font></i></em><font
color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Cambria;
color:black'>: <a
href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=afostercarter@aol.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com"
ymailto="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com">afostercarter@aol.com</a>
<a href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=afostercarter@yahoo.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:afostercarter@yahoo.com"
ymailto="mailto:afostercarter@yahoo.com">afostercarter@yahoo.com</a>
<em><i><font face=Cambria><span style='font-family:Cambria'>W</span></font></i></em>:
<a href="http://www.aidanfc.net/" target="_blank"
title="http://www.aidanfc.net/">www.aidanfc.net</a> </span></font><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;color:black'>**************</span></font><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>From <a
href="http://www.kcna.kp/2mb/eindex.html" target="_blank"
title="http://www.kcna.kp/2mb/eindex.html">http://www.kcna.kp/2mb/eindex.html</a> (cartoon
5)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><img
border=0 width=450 height=321 id="_x0000_i1025"
src="http://www.kcna.kp/2mb/resource/images/05.jpg" style='cursor:pointer'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><font size=4
color=black face=Cambria><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Cambria;
color:black;font-weight:bold'>Tear Apart Lee Myung Bak to Pieces</span></font></b><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><br>
</span></font><font size=4 color=black face=Cambria><span style='font-size:
13.5pt;font-family:Cambria;color:black'>The dirty hairy body of rat-like
Myung Bak is being stabbed with bayonets. One is right in his neck and the
heart has already burst open. Blood is flowing out of its filthy bottom hole.
This is not too much to Lee as he committed only sordid acts of flunkeyism
and treachery. And this is not all. It is the strong will and pledge of the
army and people of the DPRK to tear apart Lee Myung Bak to pieces</span></font><font
size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>_______________<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'>In a message
dated 5/20/2012 11:27:17 GMT Daylight Time, <a
href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=jsburgeson@yahoo.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:jsburgeson@yahoo.com"
ymailto="mailto:jsburgeson@yahoo.com">jsburgeson@yahoo.com</a> writes:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
<tr>
<td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Thanks for the great article, Aiden! Did you have
to put bandaids on your eye-balls after reading so much slashing, violent
fulmination? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Any chance you can dig up photos of some of the
foreign devils who copy-edited this stuff in English? One wonders if they
have PTSD by now; hopefully they were sharp enough to ask in advance to be
paid in soju!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
--- On <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Fri, 5/18/12, Aidan Foster-Carter <i><span
style='font-style:italic'><<a
href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=afostercarter@aol.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com"
ymailto="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com">afostercarter@aol.com</a>></span></i></span></b>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
From: Aidan Foster-Carter <<a
href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=afostercarter@aol.com"
target="_blank" title="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com"
ymailto="mailto:afostercarter@aol.com">afostercarter@aol.com</a>><br>
Subject: [KS] (no subject)<br>
To: <a
href="http://us.mc394.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws"
target="_blank" title="mailto:Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws"
ymailto="mailto:Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws">Koreanstudies@koreaweb.ws</a><br>
Date: Friday, May 18, 2012, 9:56 AM<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div id=yiv1202027554>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>Dear friends and colleagues,</span></font><font size=5
color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:
"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>Just to let you know that the new issue of <em><i><font
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-family:"Book Antiqua"'>Comparative
Connections</span></font></i></em></span></font><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>- the thrice-yearly online journal published by Pacific
Forum-CSIS -</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>includes what I think is the first full account and detailed
analysis</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>in English of North
Korea's ongoing bloodthirsty fulminations</span></font><font
size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>against South Korea and especially its President, Lee
Myung-bak.</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>In over 40 years of following North Korea, I've read tons of
rich<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>DPRK invective - but never anything as bizarre and nasty as
this.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>(They don't much care for Park Geun-hye, either; for all
that she</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>dined with Kim Jong-il in Pyongyang less than a decade ago.)</span></font><font
size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>In case of interest, this article is freely available to all
at</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'><a href="http://csis.org/files/publication/1201qnk_sk.pdf"
target="_blank" title="http://csis.org/files/publication/1201qnk_sk.pdf"
style='cursor:pointer'><font size=4><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>http://csis.org/files/publication/1201qnk_sk.pdf</span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>The full issue, which as ever also has three further articles
on Korea</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>covering the two Koreas' relations with the US,
China and Japan,</span></font><font size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>can be accessed at </span></font><font size=5
color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:
"Book Antiqua";color:black'><a
href="http://csis.org/program/comparative-connections" target="_blank"
title="http://csis.org/program/comparative-connections" style='cursor:pointer'><font
size=4><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>http://csis.org/program/comparative-connections</span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>All good wishes</span></font><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=4 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'>Aidan FC</span></font><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><font size=5 color=black
face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
color:black;font-weight:bold'>Aidan Foster-Carter</span></font></b><font
size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><i><font size=3 color=black
face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
color:black;font-style:italic'>Honorary Senior Research Fellow in Sociology
& Modern Korea, Leeds University, UK</span></font></i><font size=5
color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:
"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><em><i><font size=3
color=black face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;color:black'>E</span></font></i></em><font color=black
face=Cambria><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Cambria;color:black'>: afostercarter@aol.com afostercarter@yahoo.com <em><i><font
face=Cambria><span style='font-family:Cambria'>W</span></font></i></em>: <a
href="http://www.aidanfc.net/" target="_blank"
title="http://www.aidanfc.net/" style='cursor:pointer'>www.aidanfc.net</a> </span></font><font
size=5 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><font size=5 color=black
face="Book Antiqua"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Book Antiqua"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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