<p style="border:0; padding:0; margin:0; font-family:'굴림'; font-size:10pt; cursor: text;"><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">Dear Korean Studies,</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">This is Institute for Peace and Unification Studies(IPUS) at Seoul National University.</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">This week, t<span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10pt;">he Institute for Peace and Unification Studies at Seoul National University will hold an academic conference on social changes and perceptions of North Korean Defectors in 2020 </span></p><p style="border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10pt;">under the theme of “Changes in North Korean Society in the post-Hanoi era through the lens of North Korean Defectors</span><span style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10pt;">”.</span><span style="font-family: 굴림; font-size: 10pt;">(by ZOOM platform).</span></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">Please refer to the information below.</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">____________________________________________________________________________________________________</p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Title: Social Changes in North Korea and Perceptions of North Korean Defectors 2020</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"> </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Topic: Changes in North Korean Society in the post-Hanoi era through the lens of North Korean Defectors</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Date & Time : October 29th Thr. 13:30~18:00(KST) / 6:30~11:00(CEST) </span><span style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10pt;">/ 00:30~5:00(EDT)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Location: Online video conferencing (ZOOM)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Language: Korean</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">※ </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Youtube Channel: </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxk1q5c01M5m-zQxMJJDVsQ/live</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">※ </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Pre-registration link: https://forms.gle/9cVUGUfUHcup6D3H9</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">For more information, please contact  </span><a href="mailto:youyeon@snu.ac.kr"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;color:#0000ff;">youyeon@snu.ac.kr</span></u></a></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><Program></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><br></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Opening address                                                                       </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Leem, Kyung Hoon (IPUS Director) </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;font-weight:bold;">Session 1 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Social Changes in North Korea                                  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;font-weight:bold;">13:40~15:40</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"> </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Moderator  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Kim, Hak-Jae (IPUS)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Outline of the 2020 Survey                                                       </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕;">  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Kim, Hak-Jae (IPUS)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Changes in Basic Needs of North Korea’s Residents and Informalization</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">                                                                                                  Jeong, Eun Mee (KINU)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Marketization, Income distribution, and Perceptions toward economic reform</span> </p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">                                                                                                 Lee, Jong Min (Bank of Korea)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family: 함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">North Korean Health Care</span>                                     <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Park, Sang Min (Seoul National Univ.)  </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">                                                                                                  Lee, Haewon (Yonsei Univ.)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">A New Generation, the Status of Education                             </span><span style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt;">Kim, You-Yeon, Choi, Eun Jeong (IPUS)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Discussion                                                                               </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Yang, Moon-Soo (UNKS), Kim, Jisoo (KEDI), Lee, Kyungsoo (IPUS)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><br></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Break Time                                                                                             </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">15:40-16:00 </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;font-weight:bold;">Session 2 Perceptions of North Korean Defectors 2020                         </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;font-weight:bold;">16:00-18:00</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;">  </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Moderator </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Kim, Taekyoon (Seoul National Univ.)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Perceptions on Unification</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">                                        <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Oum, Hyun-suk (UNKS)</span></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Perceptions of South Korea (in North Korea)</span>  <span style="font-weight: bold;">                    <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Mun, Inchul (The Seoul Institute)</span></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Perceptions of the Reality in North Korea <b>                                    </b></span>   <span lang="EN-US" style="font-weight: bold; font-family: 함초롬바탕;">   </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-weight: bold; font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Kim, Philo (IPUS)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><br></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"> </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">The Reality of Adjusting to South Korea<b>                                        </b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-weight: bold; font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Chun, Kyung Hyo (IPUS)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Perceptions on the Relationships with the Neighboring Countries</span>  </p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">                                                                                                        Jo, Dong-Joon (Seoul National Univ.)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Discussion                                                                                     </span> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Kim, Jin-hwan (Institute for Unification Education), </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt;">                                                                                                       Jung, Sung Chul (Myongji Univ.), Park, Soon-Sung (Dongguk Univ.)</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">※ </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Youtube Channel: </span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxk1q5c01M5m-zQxMJJDVsQ/live</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">※ </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">Pre-registration link: https://forms.gle/9cVUGUfUHcup6D3H9</span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;">For more information, please contact  </span><a href="mailto:youyeon@snu.ac.kr"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:함초롬바탕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;color:#0000ff;">youyeon@snu.ac.kr</span></u></a></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="0" style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family:한컴바탕;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">Thank you in advance.</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">Best,</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;">Institute for Peace and Unification Studies (IPUS)</p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><p style="font-family: 굴림; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-size: 10pt; cursor: text;"><br></p><div style="font-family: 굴림;">서울대학교 통일평화연구원</div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", AppleGothic, Dotum, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">경기도 시흥시 서울대학로 173 교육동 9층 서울대학교 통일평화연구원</span></div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;">전화: <span style="font-family: "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", AppleGothic, Dotum, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">031-5176-2332</span></div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;">팩스: <span style="font-family: "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", AppleGothic, Dotum, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">031-624-4751</span></div>
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<div style="font-family: 굴림;">Institute for Peace and Unification Studies(IPUS)</div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;">Seoul National University</div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", AppleGothic, Dotum, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">173, Seouldaehak-ro, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea</span></div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;">Office 82-<span style="font-family: "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", AppleGothic, Dotum, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">31-5176-2332</span></div>
<div style="font-family: 굴림;">Fax 82-<span style="font-family: "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", AppleGothic, Dotum, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">31-624-4751</span></div>
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<img src='https://mail.snu.ac.kr:443/checkread/MTQyNTcyNzg3MQ==/a29yZWFuc3R1ZGllc0Brb3JlYW5zdHVkaWVzLmNvbQ==/' width='1px' height='1px' />